Floods impact more people worldwide than any other disaster, and the economic, social, and environmental impacts are getting worse.
Climate change is increasing ocean and atmospheric temperatures and increasing the frequency, duration, and intensity of hurricanes.
By altering precipitation patterns, leading to more intense rainfall events that saturate soil and increase runoff.
Climate change intensifying, hotter temperatures, more intense and longer dry seasons.
The number of weather, climate and water extremes are increasing and will become more frequent and severe in many parts of the world as a result of climate change.
From 1970 to 2019, weather, climate and water hazards accounted for 50% of all disasters.
It has increased by a factor of five over the 50-year period, driven by climate change and improved reporting.
45% of all reported deaths and 74% of all reported economic losses.
More than 91% of disaster casualties occurred in developing countries.
There are new opportunities for AI in Space and related technologies that can also have an actual application in disaster risk detection, analysis and then reduction.
AI helps accelerate data acquisition and analysis, taking into account the spectrum of heterogeneity owned by each natural hazard and situations.
AI’s deployment is at the utmost priority to enhance the understanding of all phases of disasters, and this can be done by accelerating the development of algorithms that are reliable for our safety.
Tools | Description | Examples of Commercial Systems | Uses in Emergency & Disaster Management |
---|---|---|---|
Predictive Analytics | Finds patterns in data and forecasts future outcomes. | Salesforce | Risk modeling; disease outbreak spread prediction; flood/wildfire spread prediction; dashboards and situational awareness |
Generative AI and Natural Language Processing | Understands and translates human language and creates new text, images, or video | ChatGPT, Claude, DALL·E | Drafting emergency communication templates; creating scenarios for training; Multilingual crisis communication; rumor detection |
Robotics & Automation | Performs physical tasks with or without human control, including operating vehicles. | iRobot Roomba, Da Vinci Surgical System; Boston Dynamics robots; Waymo | Search-and-rescue in dangerous areas; supply delivery; debris clearing |
Computer Vision | Identifies and interprets objects, people, and activities images/video. | Google Photos, Clearview AI; Tesla Autopilot | Damage assessment via drones/satellites; search-and-rescue; wildfire smoke mapping |
Speech Recognition & Generation | Converts speech to text and produces human-like speech from text. | Siri, Alexa | Voice-to-text for field reporting; hands free operations |
Recommendation Systems | Suggests products, content, or actions based on user behavior. | Netflix, Spotify, Amazon | Resource allocation; shelter options; individual risk alerts |
Fraud Detection & Security | Identifies anomalies to call attention to risks. | Mastercard AI Security, Darktrace, PayPal | Detecting fraud in payments; cybersecurity |
AI has the potential to speed up our understanding of natural hazards, analysing large volumes of data (and images) from different sources and improve proactive rather than reactive actions for disaster risk reduction (DRR).
Disasters are the result of scenarios created by society.
The best measure is sustainable occupation of the territory in harmony with nature.
AI tools are essential for inventorying past events and creating more accurate hazard maps with ML.
Since risk will always exist, Early Warning Systems are fundamental for managing current scenarios.
EWS are based on AI-enhanced observation and impact-focused alert dissemination tools.
https://edieraristizabal.github.io/Presentaciones/AIclimate_Disaster.html
evaristizabalg@unal.edu.co